Interrupted aortic arch is typically diagnosed soon after birth. In these cases, diagnosis is made by comparing oxygen levels in the upper and lower body. This is done using a pulse oximeter and through an echocardiogram, also known as an echo. An echo is a specialized ultrasound that uses sound waves to create images of the heart to assess its function and structure.
Rarely, IAA may also be diagnosed in adulthood. In these cases, diagnosis starts with a thorough physical exam. During the exam, the physician will check blood pressure and pulse in both arms and legs.
Advanced cardiovascular imaging is usually ordered to confirm the diagnosis and gather more information about the defect and how it’s affecting blood flow.
Genetic testing may also be recommended.
Cardiac computerized tomography (CT) uses X-ray images taken from many angles to create a 3D view of your heart. Using cardiac CT, doctors can evaluate the heart valves’ structures and locate blockages that prevent the valves from opening or closing correctly.
An echocardiogram records activity of the heart using high-frequency sound waves, or ultrasound. A technologist called a sonographer conducts this test by applying gel to your chest that makes it easier for sound waves to reach your heart. The sonographer will then wave a device called a transducer across your chest to send sound waves to your heart. The echo created by those waves is translated into images of your heart as it beats.
MRA uses radio waves and a magnetic field to provide detailed images of the blood vessels, usually while evaluating for conditions like aneurysms, occlusions, stenosis or other abnormalities.
During a cardiac catheterization, a thin tube called a catheter is maneuvered from an opening in the groin to the heart. The catheter can measure pressure and blood flow. Some types of heart problems can be repaired from within the blood vessels during a cardiac catheterization procedure.
